Marianna Schmidt (1820-1893) and Johannes Anton (1818-1885)
Until recently, I had thought that my Great x4 Grandparents, Marianna Schmidt and Johannes Anton, were most likely from Mörlheim, Landau, Rhinepalatinate before settling in a German colony at Karlsruhe, Beresan District, Ukraine, which was then part of the Russian Empire. I have since learned otherwise, at least for Johannes.
Marianna was born about 1820. I actually do not know where Marianna was born, or who her parents might have been. The only real information I have about Marianna’s birth is her registration of death, which states that she was 73 years old when she died. I suspect Marianna was born in the Beresan and it was her parents who emigrated from the German states.
Likewise, while I know that Johannes was born in 1818, I cannot say for certain where he was born. However, I do suspect that he was born in the Beresan. Johannes was born to Peter Anton (1797-before 1858) and Maria Anna Hatzenbühler (1786-after 1858) and had three younger sisters. Peter and Maria Anna were both born in the Rhinepalatinate – Peter in Mörlheim, Maria Anna in Ottersheim. It also appears that they had relocated to the Beresan, as the 1858 census for Karlsruhe shows that Maria Anna was living there at the time. Presumably, Peter had died before the census was taken.
Marianna and Johannes married sometime around 1840. Together they had ten children, five girls and five boys, all of whom were born in Karlsruhe. The first was born in 1842 and the youngest was born in 1861. I can’t imagine how hard that was on Marianna.
Sometime after all their children were born, Marianna and Johannes may have moved to the Christina colony, as Johannes died there in 1885. He is also buried there. I acknowledge the possibility that only Johannes moved there, perhaps to be with a family member who cared for him in his final days. However, the simplest answer is often the correct one, so it’s more likely the former rather than the latter.
Nevertheless, Marianna was later back in Karlsruhe, or had never left, because she died there on June 4, 1893. Marianna was survived by all her children, who at the time ranged in age from 32 to 51. The cause of death was registered as “old age”.
Not only is researching my maternal grandmother’s line difficult, it’s exhausting! Not only is there a paucity of evidence, there are so many conflicts and inconsistencies to reconcile in the few records I do have. When I began this post, just the thought of writing about my Great x3 Grandfather Georg Jacob Anton was taxing, only because I knew I had my work cut out for me.
In fact, after many hours of pouring over what I do have, the most significant advance I made was to change the title and image caption from “(Georg) Jacob Anton” to simply “Jacob Anton”. One of my oldest sources for the Anton line is The Antons: German-Russian Heritage 1720-1995 published in 1995. It listed Jacob as “(Georg) Jacob”. It’s been in my database that way ever since, even though in the last 30 years I’ve come across enough information indicating that it’s simply “Jacob”.
Jacob was born in 1843 in Karlsruhe Colony in the Beresan. Based upon the Karlsruhe census for 1858, he was the eldest son and second child of Johannes Anton and Marianna Schmidt. Johannes and Marianna were most likely from Mörlheim, Landau, Rhinepalatinate before settling in Karlsruhe.
Jacob married Katherina Loran on October 28, 1863 in Karlsruhe. The family lived in Karlsruhe until about 1874, when they relocated to Christina, a recently founded daughter colony. In Christina, Jacob and Katherina had six more children.
Katharina died about 1893. Jacob remarried shortly after Katharina died, to Magdalina Gustin. Magdalina was a widow herself. They had two sons, Alexander and Thomas, known as “Fat Alex” and “Al Capone” after they immigrated to southwest Saskatchwan. There were a lot of Alexander Antons in their community, so they all had nicknames. As for Thomas, my Great Aunt Adeline (who was Thomas’s great niece), told me that he earned his nickname because he operated a homemade still.
Jacob died in Christina on September 18, 1908. Magdalina, along with Alex and Thomas, left for Canada in June 1912. The ship manifest noted that Magdalena was a widow. In addition to her sons Alex and Thomas, the manifest noted that there were two other individuals traveling with Magdalena. One was an individual who was 21 years old and married, but the name is intelligible. Presumably, this person could be a child of Magdalena’s from her first marriage. This person also had a one-year-old child named Rosa, who would likely be Magdalena’s granddaughter.
Magdalina and her family travelled aboard the S.S. Pennsylvania on the same voyage that brought Jacob and Katherina’s son Jacob and his family to the new world. Also on that voyage was Katherina’s brother, Sebastian, and his family. The ship landed at Ellis Island on July 1, 1912. A fitting date, as that was Dominion Day (now known as Canada Day). The families all then made their way to the Fox Valley and Rastadt area of southwest Saskatchewan.
For me, the passenger list almost reads like a family group sheet!
My Great Great Grandfather, Jacob Anton, is another one of my Germans from Russia whose ancestors originated near Karlsruhe, Germany. Most likely they were from Mörlheim, Landau, Rhinepalatinate, which is about 30 kilometers northwest of Karlsruhe. Jacob’s people settled in the Karlsruhe Colony of the Beresan District. It was located north of Odessa in what is now Ukraine, but at the time it was part of the Russian Empire.
Jacob was born on May 3, 1865 in Karlsruhe, where he grew up to be a farmer. Sometime before 1890 he married Margaretha (“Margaret”) Heck, most likely in Karlsruhe. Together they had ten children, the first five of whom were born in the Beresan.
The family remained in the Beresan until sometime in between February 1898 and April 1900. In that time, they moved to Selo Suchoi, Veronesch, Russia. My relatives told me that Selo Sochoi was a settlement of 12 or so families who all separately owned their own land. As I understand it from my own reading, a “selo” is a small settlement with a church, as opposed to a “derevnya”, which did not. In Selo Suchoi, Jacob and Margaret had five more children, including my Great Grandmother Emelia Anton.
The Antons remained in Selo Suchoi for just over ten years before emigrating for Canada. Jacob and his family sailed from Hamburg on June 18, 1912 aboard the S.S. Pennsylvania. They arrived at Ellis Island on July 1, 1912 – Dominion Day in Canada (now “Canada Day”). Their declared destination was Maple Creek, Saskatchewan, to join Jacob’s son and eldest child, Rochus Anton. The passenger manifest stated that Jacob paid for the entire family’s transport, other than his son Philip’s wife Rosa, whose passage was paid for by her father. In total, the family brought $6000 with them.
On July 31, 1912, Jacob applied for entry to land located at Southeast Section 22 Township 17 Range 24 West of the 3rd Meridian, which is due east of Fox Valley and not far south from the Rastadt Cemetery. The application noted that there were 12 people in the family – 5 adult males, 3 adult females, and 4 children under 12.
Affidavits filed in support of Jacob’s homestead application show that in the first three years of occupation, he broke 60 acres per year. The first year he cropped 60 acres, in 1913 he cropped 120 acres, and in the following four years he cropped 180 acres. Jacob did not own any stock animals during that time, although it appears that he obtained some in 1918. Jacob built a 30 x 30 wood frame house on the property, which was completed by August 1912. In 1918 the house was worth $2,000. He also built a stable and four granaries, along with a well valued at $100. Jacob was granted the patent for the land on January 13, 1919.
In the meantime, Jacob became a naturalized Canadian (British subject) on October 26, 1914.
Sometime in 1916 or 1917, Jacob and his brother Joseph, who had also moved to Canada, returned to the Beresan to sell land they still owned over there. They had success in selling to relatives but barely made it out before the 1917 revolution began. Moreover, one of the brothers apparently missed their passage out of Russia and had to remain behind for a time. To me, the whole idea of crossing the Atlantic and through Europe in the middle of World War I was not the wisest idea.
Jacob died in Fox Valley a few years later, on May 3, 1921. Jacob executed his will that same day, written in German. His sons Rochus and Phillip were named executors. At the time of his death, Jacob had a second piece of land, SE 8 Twn 17 Rng 24 W 3, in addition to the original piece of land he acquired by homestead after arriving in Canada (SE 22 Twn 17 Rng 24 W 3). Jacob also owned a full line of farm implements, fourteen horses, and sixteen horned cattle. The total value of the estate was $10,305.00.
Jacob’s will, handwritten in German
Jacob’s burial place.
The original piece of land was bequeathed to his son John Anton, who was to pay one-quarter of the value of the land to his brother, Rochus. The other property was left to his son Ralph, who was then to transfer half to his brothers Mathias and Jacob. Smaller cash amounts were left to Jacob’s wife, Margaret, and to his other seven children.
Jacob is buried at Rastadt Holy Trinity Roman Catholic Cemetery. Along with the school, which closed in 1970, the cemetery is the only thing that is left of Rastadt.
Heronimus Michael “Jerome” Lerner (1895-1954) Emelia Anton (1903-1997)
Welcome to the last suit of the deck of ancestors I’ve been writing about for the 2025 edition of the 52 Ancestors Challenge – with the unique spin I’ve given the challenge this year. This final suit relates to my mother’s maternal grandparents, Heronimus Michael “Jerome” Lerner (1895-1954) and Emelia Anton (1903-1997). Both were Germans from Russia. I never met my great grandfather – neither did my mother – but I knew my great grandmother very well, who passed away shortly before I turned 30.
Very long story short, just after Catherine the Great, Empress of Russia, came to power in 1762, she issued a manifesto inviting foreign settlement in lands controlled by Russia. A significant number of those who responded to the offer were German peoples (as there was no “Germany” at the time). Even a summary of the reasons behind Catherine’s invitation and why so many Germans responded would significantly detract from the topic at hand.
There are some similarities between what Catherine promised in her manifesto (and subsequent manifestos by future Czars) and what later was promised to homesteaders by the United States and Canada. Catherine’s incentives included free transportation to Russia, free land, freedom from taxes for 10 to 30 years, interest-free loans to buy equipment, freedom of religion, exemption from military service, retaining their language, and local self-government. However, circumstances changed, so in the late 19th and early 20th centuries the descendants of those original colonists left to homestead in the United States and Canada.
Both Jerome and Emelia’s ancestors originally hailed from what is now western Germany, particularly the Rhineland-Palatinate and Baden-Württemberg. Those ancestors all settled in colonies located in what is now the Ukraine (“Odessa” or “Black Sea” Germans), particularly what was known as the Beresan District, north-east of Odessa. Most of the colonies took the names of the German cities and towns from which the settlers came. Many of my German-Russian ancestors were located in Rastadt and Karlsruhe.
The Beresan in the 1800s (source: http://www.rollroots.com/beresanmap.htm). Essentially all colonies were based upon the religion of the settlers. Rastadt is in the upper right corner; Karlsruhe is close to the centre. Both were Roman Catholic colonies.
The Beresan District in relation to Odessa, in what is now Ukraine.
Neither Jerome nor Emelia were born in the Beresan, where each of their parents were born. Jerome was born in Henrietta, Texas on March 12, 1895, less than two years after his parents emigrated from the Beresan. Emelia was born in Selo Suchoi, Veronesch, Russia on January 1, 1903. I assume that date is under the Julian calendar. Emelia’s parents had left the Beresan sometime around 1899 and remained in Russia until 1912, when they left for Canada.
Emelia’s family first settled near Maple Creek, Saskatchewan. By 1920, they were living in Rastadt. Just as the German place names followed the colonists to Russia, they followed them to the new world as well. In the meantime, Jerome’s older brother had moved to the area, starting a gradual migration of the Lerner’s to and from Saskatchewan. Jerome came to Canada in 1917 and settled near Fox Valley, not far from Rastadt, taking up farming like he had in Texas. Jerome never obtained Canadian citizenship; I don’t know if Emelia ever did.
Jerome and Emelia married in Rastadt on August 3, 1920. Jerome continued to farm land south of Rastadt throughout the marriage. They had six children together over their 17 year marriage.
This map shows where Jerome and Emelia lived while they were together. Fox Valley is in the circle on the left. Michael and Barbara Lerner (née Schmidt) were Jerome’s parents; Jacob and Margaret Anton (née Heck) were Emelia’s parents.
Unfortunately, Jerome developed a mental health condition*, which contributed to the breakdown of his marriage with Emelia. Their daughter, my Aunt Adeline (“Addie”), told me that she believed her father had schizophrenia, although I doubt there was ever any formal diagnosis.
Jerome Lerner and Emelia Anton. The photo of Jerome is from his application for an American passport in 1917, when he was 22. My guess is that the photo of Emelia was taken when she was in her mid-teens.
My great grandparents separated sometime between 1937, when their youngest son Herb was born. My guess is that when the 1931 census is released in 2033, it will show them as having been separated. Jerome and Emilia most likely did not file for divorce. They do not come up on the Library and Archives Canada divorce database. Being Catholic, they might have simply separated without divorcing. However, my Aunt Addie told me it had nothing to do with being Catholic, it was because it was so difficult to get a divorce at the time they separated. (It was not until 1968 that the divorce laws in Canada were liberalized to make it easier to obtain a divorce.)
My mother once told me that a rift developed between the Lerners and my great grandmother over her separation from Jerome. It seems there was some sort of expectation that my great grandmother should have remained with Jerome despite his troubles.
After they separated, Jerome continued farming in the Rastadt area. Aunt Addie told me that after her parents separated, her father lived with his father, Michael Lerner. Michael had become a widower not long before Jerome and Emelia separated. Aunt Addie told me that her father was still able to care for himself, such as dressing himself and cooking, but he needed some guidance.
When her parents separated, Aunt Addie went with her mother, but when she was about 13 years old (around 1944), she moved in with her father and grandfather for about a year. Aunt Addie described her father as quiet and intelligent, and was able to reason through things quite well. He did not talk much, but would “explain stuff” to Addie from time to time. Addie remembers that he read the newspaper a lot. Aunt Addie added that he could become upset very quickly, which she attributed to his mental condition. Addie said that her Grandfather took care not to upset Jerome or “push his buttons.”
When I asked Aunt Addie whether her father was still working at the time, she told me that he didn’t really work and that work would upset him. He would help with the harvest, but he would “moan and groan all night.” Aunt Addie believed he wasn’t used to that kind of regular work and it really wore out his muscles. To whatever degree Jerome was still able to work, I note that the registration of his death stated that he was a farmer at the time.
This is me on the land my Great Grandfather Jerome farmed. This was taken in April 1997, only a few months after my Great Grandmother Emelia passed away. The house they lived in – where my grandma Helen Lerner was born – stood around here. At the time, the house still existed, but had been moved elsewhere.
Aunt Addie said that her father spoke both English and German. Her grandfather mostly spoke German, but could understand English. So both languages were used at home. Aunt Addie said that her Addie said that this meant she grew up speaking both languages, although she had lost her ability to speak German later in life. mother mostly spoke to her in German, because it was better than her English. She added that her mother also spoke some Russian, which my mother had told me as well. As my mother described it, when her grandmother was still living in Russia, she’d speak German with her family and Russian with people working the farm.
When I told Aunt Addie that I was 13 before I learned her mother could speak German (which caught me quite by surprise!), she commented on how her mother spoke with an accent that wasn’t quite German and not quite Russian. She concluded it was its own thing. I concurred, because I could never tell what kind of accent my great grandmother had before I learned she was multilingual. In fact, I don’t recall thinking she had an accent; I think I thought she sounded the way she did because of her age.
According to Aunt Adeline, it sounds like her mother remained at the home she had shared with Jerome after their separation. Addie said that her mother leased out the farm land. How long my great grandmother remained there, I do not know. However, Emelia was still there when Aunt Addie moved in with her father in 1944. Sometime afterwards, Emelia moved to Alberta, likely first to Medicine Hat, and then on to Lethbridge.
Jerome passed away in hospital in Maple Creek on December 6, 1854, due to kidney disease. He was buried at the Fox Valley Community Cemetery. Meanwhile, by the mid-1950s Emelia was working as a chambermaid at the Alexander Hotel in Lethbridge. By 1958 Emelia had largely retired. She was collecting a pension and was living off an inheritance she had received from her father. She bought a house on 19th Street in Lethbridge.
Sometime in 1958 or 1959, Emelia married Walter Henry Wright. He died on December 4, 1978. While I saw him every time we visited my great grandmother, I don’t really know much about him. Most of what I learned about him is from his obituary, from when he died in December 1978. Other than the fact Walter served in World War II, I have no idea about his life before marrying my great grandmother or what he did for a living.
Me and two of my siblings with Emelia and Walter.
Emelia survived Jerome by fifty years and Walter by twenty years. She even outlived my grandmother, Helen Lerner, by more than ten years. Emelia continued to live on her own at home for many years after Walter’s death, but ultimately moved into a nursing home. I honestly cannot remember when she moved. She was there at least by her late 80s – I know she was there before she turned 90. I messaged my mother to ask if she could recall when, but couldn’t. I thought one of my sisters had a reason to remember, but she couldn’t recall it either.
In the last years of her life, Emelia’s activities included bridge and bingo. She was proud of her mental acuity and ability to play the game, but was always unhappy that her peers did not. My grandfather, Leo Burgess, often took Emelia to bingo. I remember my grandfather “complaining” that he was in his mid-70s and still had mother-in-law problems.
Emelia died on January 19, 1997 in Lethbridge. The memorial mass was held at St. Basil’s Catholic Church in Lethbridge and my mother gave the eulogy. Emelia was cremated and buried at Mountain View Cemetery, alongside her son Jim, who died in 1983.
Jerome’s grave at the Fox Valley Community Cemetery
Emelia’s grave at the Mountain View Cemetery in Lethbridge, alongside her son Jim.
* There are resources available if you need help with your mental health. In British Columbia, where I live, this includes:
→ Calling 2-1-1 will connect you with community and social services.
A Deck of Ancestors 