Category: 52 Ancestors 2023

52W Mark II – Week 36: Tradesperson

The vast majority of my ancestors on both sides of my family were farmers or labourers. Not all the labourers were agricultural workers, but it was still hard work and far from what might be considered a trade.

There are a few interesting exceptions. Cornelis Jan Bakker, my great great grandfather, was a cobbler. I also discovered that my Gx9 grandfather, Gregory Cooke, was a cordwainer. A cordwainer is a shoemaker who specializes in fine, soft, new leather shoes, in contrast to a cobbler, who works with old shoes. I’ve also written about my great great grandmother, Ella Elizabeth Thomas, who was a midwife in Cardston, Alberta, for more than 40 years.

What caught my eye in thinking about the topic for this week’s 52 Ancestors Challenge, “Tradeperson”, was an interesting branch of my family on the Dutch side of my family tree.

Almost all of my Dutch ancestors who I have identified to date are from the provinces of Zuid-Holland and Noord-Holland, which prior to 1840 were one province, Holland. So I was quite surprised to learn early last year that I have a branch of my family that originates in the Achterhoek (literally, “back corner”), the easternmost part of the province of Gelderland that pokes into Germany.

My paternal grandmother was Christina Komen. Her paternal grandmother (my great great grandmother) was Antje (“Anna”) Woltering. Anna’s father, Cornelis, is one of my few ancestors who can be described as a tradesperson. As far as I have discovered, he was a carpenter almost all of his entire adult life. The earliest mention of his occupation was in the registration of his marriage to his wife Neeltje Smit, which occurred on May 8, 1842. It is most likely that Cornelis was a carpenter, or a carpenter’s apprentice, for many years before he married.

While it seems that Cornelis spent most of his life, including his years as a carpenter, in Zuid-Scharwoude, Noord-Holland, he was born about 15 kilometers to the south in the village of Akersloot. How this came to be I have no idea. His parents, Johannes “Jan” Woltering and Antje Boekel, had married in Noord-Scharwoude in 1814 and all of Cornelis’s younger siblings were born in Zuid-Scharwoude. However, it appears that Jan had been living in Akersloot prior to marrying Antje. It may be that the couple returned to Jan’s residence after they married and relocated to Antje’s home town of Zuid-Scharwoude shortly after Cornelis was born.

The bigger surprise to me was that Cornelis’s father, Jan, my Gx4 grandfather, was born in 1788 in what is now Vreden, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Vreden is about three kilometers from the Dutch border and the Achterhoek. Sometime before September 1814, when he married Antje, Jan literally moved across the Netherlands to Noord-Holland. I have no idea why he moved, which was incredible because it was unusual for people to move such distances at that time. Even now it’s about a three-hour drive, which to many of my Dutch relatives is an astounding distance. (For a Canadian, not so much!)

I have not yet determined where Jan’s parents, Gerard Woltering and Maria Francisca Wissing (Cornelis’s paternal grandparents), were born. Gerard and Maria married on April 26, 1787, in Vreden. However, prior to the marriage, Gerard had been living in Buurse, Overijssel, Netherlands. Buurse is three kilometers from the German border and twelve kilometers due north of Vreden. Meanwhile, Maria had been living in Enschede, Overijssel, which is a city about 20 kilometers north of Vreden.

What is more surprising is that Gerard’s occupation was boatbuilder. I am unsure where he carried out that trade, given that the closest large body of water to where he lived and married is at least 100 kilometers away.

Cornelis’s maternal grandfather, and Antje’s father, was Willem Crelisse Boekel, was also a boatmaker. However, unlike Gerard, Willem lived rather close to the water, as he spent his entire life in Noord-Holland.

52W Mark II – Week 35: Disaster

This year marks the 70th anniversary of the North Sea Flood of 1953. A combination of high tides and winter storms on the evening of January 31 and the morning of February 1 resulted in a massive flood that affected England, Scotland, Belgium, and the Netherlands. It was one of the worst floods to hit the Netherlands since 1916.

The southern provinces of Zeeland and Zuid-Holland were particularly hard hit, with the highest death tolls for the country. In the province of Noord-Holland, where my father lived, Red Cross and other sources indicate that there were fewer than a dozen deaths. In addition to the dead and missing, thousands were displaced from their homes and there was massive property damage.

My father was just a boy when the flood struck, but he remembers it well. It is apparent that when he recalls his childhood in the Netherlands, it is one of his clearest memories. The Netherlands still had not yet recovered from World War II and the flood was devastating. While the reasons for emigrating are multifaceted and complex, the devastation of the flood of 1953 was one of the many things that prompted my grandparents to think about leaving the country.

While this video is in Dutch, it is the images that tell the tale. It also primarily shows the devastation in the south of the country. (“Watersnood” is “flood” and “ramp” is “disaster.)

52W Mark II – Week 34: Newest Discovery

In Week 21 of this year’s 52 Ancestors Challenge, I wrote about one of my brick walls, Anne (“Annie”) Pitre, our children’s great x3 grandmother. The biggest questions were whether her surname at birth was actually “Pitre” or “Peters, and whether she was Acadian. Last week, I found a nugget of information that suggested that Anne was in fact born “Pitre” and that it is more likely that she was Acadian.

Still looking for Anne Pitre!

We just spent two weeks in The Maritimes, where my wife has deep roots. As the trip was primarily to visit family and to acquaint our children with their Maritime heritage, there was precious little time for genealogy research. I was able to get in a few minutes’ time here and there in places like the Nova Scotia Legislature Legislative Library and Pier 21 in Halifax. I had less opportunity to do so in Charlottetown, but a rainy day and change in plans gave me an unexpected hour and a half in the Charlottetown Library.

Years ago, before COVID, I had ordered Volume VI of Jean Berard’s Généalogie des Familles Acadiennes de L’Île-Du-Prince-Édouard from the Charlottetown Library through interlibrary loan, which covers surnames starting with the letter “P”. I thought the work was a collection of births, marriages, and deaths, which is why I ordered that volume. However, I was dismayed to discovered it was sorted by marriages, which meant I wouldn’t find Anne under her birth name. Rather, if she was in Berard’s collection, she would be found under “M” with her husband Patrick McKenna. So what I really needed was Volume V.

Before returning the book, I poured through every entry for “Pitre”, but did not find any that included a daughter named Anne that was born anytime near where our Anne was likely to have been born. At least my rusty French got a workout.

I didn’t order Volume V at the time due to several reasons. However, like anything that’s put at the bottom of a to-do list, it tends to stay there.

Fast forward a few years to my time in the Charlottetown Library, which naturally had every volume of Berard’s work on its reference shelf – including Volume VI.

The entry for Patrick McKenna and Anne Pitre, showing the birthdates and baptismal dates of two of their twelve children.

What was exciting about this was that it appeared to confirm that Anne’s surname at birth was Pitre. However, once I translated it into English, I realized that the entry was for the baptisms of two of Patrick and Anne’s children. I had already found these children in the Prince Edward Island Baptismal Index. The only new information here is the inclusion of the children’s godparents. The problem is that I have also previously found some of Patrick and Anne’s other children in the same index, which recorded Anne’s surname at birth as Peters.

One positive thing I can take from this discovery is the fact Anne is even to be found in this collection. Her inclusion in a collection of Acadians strongly supports the conclusion that Anne was Acadian.

52W Mark II – Week 33: Strength

I am not a member of the Latter Day Saints (“Mormons”), but my maternal grandfather, Leo Burgess, was. In fact, his direct paternal line were Mormons almost since the beginning. The early members of the church were required to draw on their strength as they faced persecution, exile, and hardship.

Most sources state that my Gx4 Grandfather, William Burgess (1794-1880) was baptised into the church in 1832, two years after it had been founded by Joseph Smith. However, the Kirtland Elders’ Certificates from the Joseph Smith Papers state that William joined the church and was ordained a deacon on April 6, 1830. All eight of my grandfather’s great grandparents had joined the church in the 1830s and 1840s.

“This certifies that William Burgess has been received into the church of the Latter-Day Saints, organized on the sixth of April, in the year of our Lord, one thousand, eight hundred hundred & thirty, & has been ordained a Deacon…

Joseph Smith Jr. Chairman.
F[rederick] G. Williams Clerk.
Kirtland, Ohio, April 2, 1836.”

Kirtland Elders’ Certificates, p. 84, The Joseph Smith Papers

While I am quite skeptical about much of the church’s dogma, I absolutely respect the strength of its early adherents, including many of my direct ancestors who were early members of the church. Many of them experienced and survived unnecessary suffering due to religious persecution. Several others endured an arduous – and for some,  deadly – journey from Illinois to Utah over the winter of 1846-1847.

Joseph Smith sought to create a “New Jerusalem”. He and his followers moved to Ohio and soon began building a settlement in Missouri. In 1833, church members were run out of Missouri and a failed banking venture crippled the Ohio settlement. The Mormons attempted a settlement elsewhere in Missouri, but were driven out upon an executive order of the governor, calling for them to be exterminated or expelled from the state. In 1939, the church regrouped in a new community, Nauvoo, Illinois, and began to build their Zion there.

Two years after Joseph Smith’s death in 1844, tensions with non-Mormons increased, such that the Mormons were driven out of their settlement once again. They upped stakes and began the migration to Utah. During the westward migration, over the winter of 1846-1847, about 2,500 church members encamped at Winter Quarters, which was just north of where Omaha, Nebraska came to be. The first settlers arrived in what is now Salt Lake City in July 1847, in what was still Mexican territory.

Many of the trekkers did not survive. There are varying accounts of the death toll at Winter Quarters. This is due, in part, to the lack of sufficiently complete and reliable records. It is also due to what was included in each account: some measure death only due to disease, others include deaths of all causes. The periods of time also vary: from a few months over the winter of 1846-1847, to longer periods of time, e.g.,1846 to 1848. Louisa Thomas, my 4x great grandmother, was one of those who perished at Winter Quarters. She died on November 16, 1846. An entry in the Winter Quarters sexton’s records shows that she died 19 miles up the river from Winters Quarters. Louisa’s daughter Charlotte, my Gx3 grandmother, was only nine at the time.

The entry for Louisa Thomas in the Winter Quarters sexton’s records, 1846-1848: “Loisa Cook. 36 years, 0 months, 0 days. Wife of Aaron W. Cook [her third husband]. Died 19 miles up the River from Winter quarters Bur[i]ed at the same place. [Died] Nov 16 1846. [Disease] chills fever. [Born] State of Mareland May 1811.”

To have survived long journeys to settle in new lands, religious persecution, and perilous migration took incredible strength – mental, physical, social, and spiritual. Their conviction and belief carried them through difficult times and experiences. For that I am grateful, because without their strength I would not have been.